Most of the UK isn’t designed for sustained hot weather. Houses retain heat poorly, few have air conditioning, and infrastructure can struggle. But with some straightforward adjustments, you can stay comfortable and safe.

At home

Keeping your house cool

  • Close curtains and blinds on sun-facing windows during the day — this is the single most effective step
  • Keep interior doors closed to contain coolness in rooms you use most
  • Use fans strategically — position them to create cross-breezes through your home
  • Avoid using the oven; cook cold meals or use a microwave if possible

Staying cool personally

  • Drink water regularly throughout the day — don’t wait until you’re thirsty
  • Wear loose, light-coloured, breathable clothing (cotton and linen are good)
  • Take cool (not cold) showers or baths
  • Wet a flannel and use it on your wrists, neck and forehead

At work

  • Talk to your employer if your workspace is uncomfortably hot — the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has guidance on thermal comfort at work
  • Stay hydrated — it’s easy to forget when focused on work
  • If you work from home, apply the same rules as above

Sleep

Hot nights are often harder than hot days. See our full guide: How to sleep during a heatwave. Key points:

  • Cool your bedroom during the day by blocking direct sun
  • Switch to lightweight cotton bedding
  • Time your window opening: open when it’s cooler outside than in (usually evening and early morning)
  • Use a fan positioned across your body

Travelling

  • Keep cars as cool as possible before getting in — open all doors briefly before entering
  • Never leave children or pets in a parked car — temperatures rise extremely rapidly even on mild days
  • If commuting by public transport, carry water and avoid peak crowded times if you can

Looking after others

The following groups are most vulnerable in hot weather:

  • Older adults (especially those over 75)
  • Very young children and babies
  • People with pre-existing health conditions (heart, lung, kidney conditions)
  • People taking certain medications
  • Those who are pregnant

Check on elderly neighbours and relatives during a heatwave — a brief visit or phone call can be genuinely important.

Signs to take seriously

Heat exhaustion can develop gradually. Signs include:

  • Headache
  • Dizziness and confusion
  • Loss of appetite or nausea
  • Excessive sweating
  • Pale, clammy skin
  • Muscle cramps

Move to a cool place, drink water, and rest. If symptoms don’t improve within 30 minutes, or worsen, seek medical advice.

Heatstroke is a medical emergency. Signs include high body temperature above 40°C, confusion, loss of consciousness, or stopping sweating despite the heat. Call 999.

For official guidance on recognising and treating heat-related illness, see the NHS heatwave advice page.

Related: Current UK heatwave status · How to keep your bedroom cool · Best fans UK

Disclaimer: This article is for general information only. For medical advice about heat-related illness, consult the NHS website or your GP. For official heatwave warnings, visit the Met Office.